U.S. Extends Suspension of Arms Embargo on the Republic of Cyprus

The United States has extended for one year the suspension of the arms embargo on the Republic of Cyprus. The decision was recorded in an official document published in the Federal Register. According to an amendment to Section 126.1 of the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR), Cyprus’s status as a “prohibited destination” remains suspended until September 30, 2026.

The extension is based on the provisions of the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA 2020) and the Eastern Mediterranean Security and Energy Partnership Act (EMSEPA 2019). It is only permitted on the condition that the Republic of Cyprus meets two criteria: cooperating with the U.S. in combating money laundering and restricting Russian military access to its ports.

On July 7, 2025, the U.S. Secretary of State confirmed to Congress that Nicosia continues to comply with these requirements, after which the State Department officially extended the exemption. Thus, Cyprus can continue to purchase American defense technologies and equipment under individual licenses issued by Washington.

The decision applies exclusively to the Republic of Cyprus — an internationally recognized state and member of the European Union. It does not extend to the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC), which the United States does not recognize and with which it has no diplomatic or military relations.

Consequences and Significance of the Decision

Military-Technical Aspect.

The extension opens access for Cyprus to U.S. communications, intelligence, air defense, naval, and ground systems. This will allow the country to gradually transition to NATO standards and reduce its dependence on outdated Russian systems that have been in use since the 1990s.

Political Context.

Washington views Cyprus as a reliable partner in the Eastern Mediterranean. The decision strengthens the strategic axes of U.S.–Greece–Cyprus and U.S.–Cyprus–Israel, vital for regional security and energy cooperation. It also confirms the diminishing influence of Russia on the island and reinforces Nicosia’s course toward Euro-Atlantic integration.

Reaction of Turkey.

Ankara traditionally criticizes such decisions, considering them a violation of the “balance of power” between the north and south of the island. The Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs claims that lifting restrictions may provoke a “new arms race” and increase regional tension.

Regional Consequences.

The U.S. decision enhances Cyprus’s defense capabilities, particularly in protecting its Exclusive Economic Zone and maritime infrastructure, including gas fields in the Eastern Mediterranean. In the long term, it strengthens the West’s position in the region and counterbalances Turkey’s military presence.

The extension of the embargo suspension confirms Cyprus’s growing importance as a strategic U.S. partner in the Eastern Mediterranean and strengthens its role in regional security and energy stability.